-는지

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Korean[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • 은지 (-eunji)see Usage notes

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Korean ᄂᆞᆫ디 (Yale: -nonti), equivalent to Middle Korean ᄂᆞ (Yale: -no-, present-tense marker) + (Yale: -n, realis adnominal suffix) + ᄃᆞ (Yale: to, semantically light dependent noun) + (Yale: -i).

Pronunciation[edit]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?neunji
Revised Romanization (translit.)?neunji
McCune–Reischauer?nŭnji
Yale Romanization?nun.ci

Suffix[edit]

는지 (-neunji)

  1. indirect question marker: whether, if, who, what, where, how ...
    Coordinate terms: 던지 (-deonji, retrospective), 을지 (-eulji, irrealis/future), 을는지 (-eulleunji, irrealis/future)
    리모컨 어딨는지 보인다.
    Rimokeon-i eodin-neunji an boinda.
    I can't see where the remote is.
  2. Conveys a careful, indirect question. Nowadays typically used with (-yo) for further politeness.
    Coordinate terms: 던지 (-deonji, retrospective), 을지 (-eulji, irrealis/future), 을는지 (-eulleunji, irrealis/future)
    음식 으시는지?
    eumsig-eun ib-e majeusineunji-yo?
    Is this food to your liking?
  3. perhaps because...
    Coordinate terms: 던지 (-deonji, retrospective), 을지 (-eulji, irrealis/future), 을는지 (-eulleunji, irrealis/future)
    이 오는지 연신 고개꾸벅인다.
    jami oneunji yeonsin gogaeman kkubeoginda.
    He keeps nodding; maybe he's sleepy.

Usage notes[edit]

  • 는지 (-neunji) is used for all verbs, for the existential adjectives 있다 (itda), 없다 (eopda), and 계시다 (gyesida), and for adjectives with tense marking with (-eot-) and (-get-).
  • 은지 (-eunji) is used for adjectives without tense marking.
  • Not to be confused with 은 지 (-eun ji, [chronologically] since...)