리

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See also: -리- and -리

(see above for verbal suffixes)

리 U+B9AC, 리
HANGUL SYLLABLE RI
Composition:ㄹ + ㅣ
← 릫
[U+B9AB] 		Hangul Syllables 릭 →
[U+B9AD]
리릭릮릯린릱릲
릳릴릵릶릷릸릹
릺릻림립릾릿맀
링맂맃맄맅맆맇
릐 ←→ 마

Korean[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Sino-Korean word from 理 (“reason; logic”).

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?ri
Revised Romanization (translit.)?li
McCune–Reischauer?ri
Yale Romanization?li
Dependent noun[edit]

리 • (ri) (hanja 理)

  1. (usually in the negative or the interrogative) way, reason, sense
    그럴 리가 없다. ― Geureol ri-ga eopda. ― That can't be true.
    주인공이 죽을 리가 있겠냐? ― Ju'in'gong-i jugeul ri-ga itgennya? ― How does it make sense for the main character to die?

Pronunciation 2[edit]

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɾi(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [리(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?ri
Revised Romanization (translit.)?li
McCune–Reischauer?ri
Yale Romanization?lī
Noun[edit]
South Korean
Standard Language 		이/리(理) (i/ri)
North Korean
Standard Language 		리(理) (ri)

리 • (ri) (hanja 理)

  1. (East Asian philosophy, especially Confucianism) li, the underlying ordering principle of the cosmos
    Coordinate term: 기(氣) (gi, vital force engendering the cosmos)
Usage notes[edit]
  • In the case of this specific word, the 리 (ri) pronunciation is common even in South Korea. The reason may be to avoid homophony with other Chinese characters, given the context of East Asian philosophy where single-character Chinese terms are common.
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Sino-Korean word from 里 (“village; unit of distance”).

Noun[edit]

South Korean
Standard Language 		이/리(里) (i/ri)
North Korean
Standard Language 		리(里) (ri)

리 • (ri) (hanja 里)

  1. (government) village; a Korean administrative division covering a small settlement and its surrounding hinterland.
Usage notes[edit]
  • 이(里) (i) is the prescriptive form in the South Korean standard, but 리(里) (ri) is more common.
Coordinate terms[edit]

Counter[edit]

리 • (ri) (hanja 里)

  1. li; East Asian unit of distance (traditionally around 393 meters in Korea)

Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Sino-Korean word from 李, Middle Korean reading 리〯 (Lǐ) and 니〯 (Nǐ).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɾi(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [리(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?Ri
Revised Romanization (translit.)?Li
McCune–Reischauer?Ri
Yale Romanization?lī

Proper noun[edit]

South Korean
Standard Language 		이(李) (I)
North Korean
Standard Language 		리(李) (Ri)

리 • (Ri) (hanja 李)

  1. North Korea standard form of 이(李) (I, “Lee”, the second most common Korean surname).
Usage notes[edit]
  • Most South Koreans romanize it as "Lee", but in North Korea the common romanization is "Ri".

Etymology 4[edit]

Sino-Korean word from 裏/裡 (裏 / 裡, “inside”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?ri
Revised Romanization (translit.)?li
McCune–Reischauer?ri
Yale Romanization?li

Suffix[edit]

—리 • (-ri) (hanja 裏/裡)

  1. inside, within, inner
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 5[edit]

Modern Korean reading of various Chinese characters, when preceded by another character in a compound. When used as the first character of a compound or in isolation, they are pronounced as 이 (i).

Following a language reform in the mid-twentieth century, North Koreans always read them as 리 (ri) in any position, but this was not standard before the division of Korea.

Syllable[edit]

리 (ri)

Extended content
  1. (South Korea) 里: town
    (eumhun reading: 마을 리 (ma'eul ri))
    (MC reading: 里 (MC liX))
  2. (South Korea) 理: rule
    (eumhun reading: 다스릴 리 (daseuril ri))
    (MC reading: 理 (MC liX))
  3. (South Korea) 利: benefit
    (eumhun reading: 이로울 리 (iroul ri))
    (MC reading: 利 (MC lijH))
  4. (South Korea) 梨: pear tree
    (eumhun reading: 배나무 리 (baenamu ri))
    (MC reading: 梨 (MC lij))
  5. (South Korea) 李: plum tree
    (eumhun reading: 오얏나무 리 (oyannamu ri))
    (MC reading: 李 (MC liX))
  6. (South Korea) 吏: petty official
    (eumhun reading: 아전 리 (ajeon ri))
    (MC reading: 吏 (MC liH))
  7. (South Korea) 離: leave
    (eumhun reading: 떠날 리 (tteonal ri))
    (MC reading: 離 (MC lje|ljeH|lejH))
  8. (South Korea) 裏: inside
    (eumhun reading: 속 리 (sok ri))
    (MC reading: 裏 (MC liX))
  9. (South Korea) 履: trample, step on
    (eumhun reading: 밟을 리 (balbeul ri))
    (MC reading: 履 (MC lijX))
  10. (South Korea) 俚: vulgar
    (eumhun reading: 속될 리 (sokdoel ri))
    (MC reading: 俚 (MC liX))
  11. (South Korea) 莉: jasmine
    (eumhun reading: 말리 리 (malli ri))
    (MC reading: 莉 (MC drij|dri|lej))
  12. (South Korea) 璃: glass
    (eumhun reading: 유리 리 (yuri ri))
    (MC reading: 璃 (MC lje))
  13. (South Korea) 俐: clever
    (eumhun reading: 똑똑할 리 (ttokttokhal ri))
    (MC reading: 俐)
  14. (South Korea) 唎: thin voice
    (eumhun reading: 가는 소리 리 (ganeun sori ri))
    (MC reading: 唎)
  15. (South Korea) 浬: nautical mile
    (eumhun reading: 해리 리 (haeri ri))
    (MC reading: 浬)
  16. (South Korea) 狸: wild cat
    (eumhun reading: 삵 리 (sak ri))
    (MC reading: 狸 (MC li))
  17. (South Korea) 痢: diarrhea
    (eumhun reading: 설사 리 (seolsa ri))
    (MC reading: 痢 (MC lijH))
  18. (South Korea) 籬: fence
    (eumhun reading: 울타리 리 (ultari ri))
    (MC reading: 籬 (MC lje))
  19. (South Korea) 罹: fall ill, get sick
    (eumhun reading: 걸릴 리 (geollil ri))
    (MC reading: 罹 (MC lje))
  20. (South Korea) 羸: ashen
    (eumhun reading: 파리할 리 (parihal ri))
    (MC reading: 羸 (MC ljwe))
  21. (South Korea) 釐: ruling
    (eumhun reading: 다스릴 리 (daseuril ri))
    (MC reading: 釐 (MC li))
  22. (South Korea) 鯉: carp
    (eumhun reading: 잉어 리 (ing'eo ri))
    (MC reading: 鯉 (MC liX))
  23. (South Korea) 涖: reach
    (eumhun reading: 다다를 리 (dadareul ri))
    (MC reading: 涖 (MC lijH|lejH))
  24. (South Korea) 𢻠: upright
    (eumhun reading: 바르다 리 (bareuda ri))
    (MC reading: 𢻠)
  25. (South Korea) 犂: plow
    (eumhun reading: 밭 갈 리 (bat gal ri))
    (MC reading: 犂 (MC lij))
  26. (South Korea) 摛: spread
    (eumhun reading: 퍼질 리 (peojil ri))
    (MC reading: 摛 (MC trhje))
  27. (South Korea) 剺: peel
    (eumhun reading: 벗길 리 (beotgil ri))
    (MC reading: 剺 (MC li))
  28. (South Korea) 哩: a particle
    (eumhun reading: 어조사 리 (eojosa ri))
    (MC reading: 哩)
  29. (South Korea) 嫠: widow
    (eumhun reading: 과부 리 (gwabu ri))
    (MC reading: 嫠 (MC li))
  30. (South Korea) 莅: reach
    (eumhun reading: 다다를 리 (dadareul ri))
    (MC reading: 莅 (MC lijH))
  31. (South Korea) 蜊: clam
    (eumhun reading: 참조개 리 (chamjogae ri))
    (MC reading: 蜊 (MC lij))
  32. (South Korea) 螭: hornless dragon
    (eumhun reading: 교룡 리 (gyoryong ri))
    (MC reading: 螭 (MC trhje))
  33. (South Korea) 貍: lynx
    (eumhun reading: 삵 리 (sak ri))
    (MC reading: 貍 (MC li))
  34. (South Korea) 邐: connect
    (eumhun reading: 이어질 리 (ieojil ri))
    (MC reading: 邐 (MC ljeX))
  35. (South Korea) 魑: goblin
    (eumhun reading: 도깨비 리 (dokkaebi ri))
    (MC reading: 魑 (MC trhje))
  36. (South Korea) 黐: flypaper
    (eumhun reading: 끈끈이 리 (kkeunkkeuni ri))
    (MC reading: 黐 (MC lje|trhje))
  37. (South Korea) 漓: to permeate
    (eumhun reading: 스며들 리 (seumyeodeul ri))
    (MC reading: 漓 (MC lje))
  38. (South Korea) 裡: Alternative form of 裏
    (MC reading: 裡 (MC liX))
  39. (South Korea) 离: Alternative form of 離
    (MC reading: 离 (MC lje|trhje))
  40. (South Korea) 悧: Alternative form of 俐
    (MC reading: 悧)
  41. (South Korea) 厘: Alternative form of 釐
    (MC reading: 厘)
  42. (South Korea) 犁: Alternative form of 犂
    (MC reading: 犁 (MC lej))

References[edit]

  • Supreme Court of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 대법원, Daehanmin'guk Daebeobwon) (2018). Table of hanja for personal names (인명용 한자표 / 人名用漢字表, Inmyeong-yong hanja-pyo), page 14. [1]
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]
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